In multicellular eukaryotes, what is the primary purpose of mitosis?

• A. To increase genetic diversity by exchanging DNA between homologous chromosomes
• B. To synthesize new DNA so that each chromosome is replicated before cell division
• C. To reduce chromosome number by half to generate haploid gametes
• D. To produce two genetically identical daughter cells for growth, tissue repair, and asexual reproduction

Answer: (D)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand that mitosis is a process of cell division in multicellular eukaryotes where one cell divides to produce two daughter cells.
2. Recognize that during mitosis, the genetic material (DNA) is duplicated and then equally distributed so that each daughter cell receives an identical set of chromosomes.
3. Note that mitosis does not involve exchanging DNA between homologous chromosomes; that process occurs during meiosis, which increases genetic diversity.
4. Recall that mitosis maintains the chromosome number of the original cell, unlike meiosis which reduces chromosome number by half to produce haploid gametes.
5. Conclude that the primary purpose of mitosis is to produce two genetically identical daughter cells, which is essential for growth, tissue repair, and asexual reproduction.