Which element has 16 protons in its nucleus?

• A. Sulfur (S)
• B. Chlorine (Cl)
• C. Calcium (Ca)
• D. Phosphorus (P)

Answer: (A)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Recall that the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom defines the atomic number of the element.
2. Identify the atomic numbers of the given elements: Sulfur (S), Chlorine (Cl), Calcium (Ca), and Phosphorus (P).
3. Use the periodic table to find the atomic number for each element: Sulfur has atomic number 16, Chlorine 17, Calcium 20, and Phosphorus 15.
4. Match the atomic number 16 to the element with 16 protons, which is Sulfur (S).
5. Conclude that the element with 16 protons in its nucleus is Sulfur (S).