In humans, how many chromosomes are present in a mature sperm cell (after meiosis is complete)?

• A. 46
• B. 23
• C. 22
• D. 92

Answer: (B)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Recall that human somatic cells (body cells) are diploid, meaning they contain two sets of chromosomes, one from each parent, totaling 46 chromosomes.
2. Understand that meiosis is the process by which diploid cells produce haploid gametes (sperm or egg cells), reducing the chromosome number by half.
3. Recognize that after meiosis is complete, mature sperm cells are haploid, containing only one set of chromosomes.
4. Calculate the number of chromosomes in a mature sperm cell by dividing the diploid number (46) by 2, since meiosis halves the chromosome number.
5. Conclude that the mature sperm cell contains 23 chromosomes, which is the haploid number in humans.