What is the primary function of a chloroplast in plant and algal cells?

• A. Degrade macromolecules and worn-out organelles using hydrolytic enzymes in an acidic compartment
• B. Generate ATP primarily through oxidative phosphorylation in the inner membrane
• C. Modify, sort, and package proteins and lipids for secretion or delivery to other organelles
• D. Convert light energy into chemical energy by carrying out photosynthesis, producing sugars and releasing oxygen

Answer: (D)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Identify the organelle in question: the chloroplast, which is found in plant and algal cells.
2. Recall the main function of chloroplasts, which is related to energy conversion in cells.
3. Understand that chloroplasts carry out photosynthesis, a process that converts light energy into chemical energy.
4. Recognize that during photosynthesis, chloroplasts produce sugars (like glucose) and release oxygen as a byproduct.
5. Differentiate chloroplasts from other organelles by their unique role in photosynthesis, unlike lysosomes, mitochondria, or the Golgi apparatus.