In the context of the classical cell theory (as developed by Schleiden, Schwann, and Virchow), which of the following statements is NOT part of cell theory?

• A. All living organisms are composed of one or more cells.
• B. New cells arise spontaneously from nonliving matter under ordinary conditions.
• C. The cell is the basic unit of structure and function in living organisms.
• D. All cells arise from pre-existing cells.

Answer: (B)