In a normal human somatic (diploid) cell, how many chromosomes are present?

• A. 92 chromosomes (46 pairs)
• B. 23 chromosomes (one set)
• C. 46 chromosomes (23 pairs)
• D. 48 chromosomes (24 pairs)

Answer: (C)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand that human somatic cells are diploid, meaning they contain two sets of chromosomes—one set inherited from each parent.
2. Recall that the haploid number (n) for humans is 23, which represents one complete set of chromosomes found in gametes (sperm or egg cells).
3. Since somatic cells are diploid (2n), multiply the haploid number by 2 to find the total number of chromosomes in a somatic cell: \(2 \times 23\).
4. Recognize that chromosomes in somatic cells are organized into pairs, so the total number of chromosomes corresponds to 23 pairs.
5. Conclude that a normal human somatic cell contains 46 chromosomes arranged in 23 pairs.