What are the three steps of translation?

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All right. Hello everyone. So this question is asking us which of the following best describes the initiation step of translation. Option A says the ribosome reaches a stop co on option B says TNA carrying methionine pairs with the start code on. Option C says peptide bonds form between amino acids. And option D says the ribosome subunits dissociate. So before we go ahead and talk about the answer to the question in general, there's one answer choice that we can specifically eliminate. And that's option A because the initiation step of translation like the name implies is the first step of the process. The ribosome reaching a stop codon implies that translation is nearing its end. So that wouldn't make sense. So let's talk about what happens during initiation. Recall, the translation. First of all is the conversion of an MRN A template into a polypeptide that polypeptide will later undergo folding to produce a completed protein. So first and foremost, recall that when talking about a ribosome, it's normally divided into sub units that are inactive on their own or at least not capable of producing a peptide on their own. And so what happens first? And foremost is that we have a small and a large reputable subunit, the small subunit first binds to the MRNA template and it does. So at the start code on or Aug. So Aug is the start coder. So here we have the small ribosome subunit recognizing Aug and binding to it. On the mnet. From there, we have what's called the initiator tr in it. And I just want to go ahead and clarify that A TRN A is a molecule responsible for bringing amino acids to the ribosome. So that the polypeptide chain can be elongated. Now because there has to be one amino acid. At the very beginning, there is such a thing as an initiator trn A and that initiator trn A carries methane specifically. So the initiator trn A which carries methane is going to per with Aug it's going to pair with the start codon. So once we have this initiator TNA pairing with the start code on that is when the large ribosome subunit attaches and once we have the large subunit attaching, we have the complete ribosome that can participate in elongation, elongation is the second step of translation where TRN A molecules are continuously bringing amino acids to the complete ribosome, thereby elongating the peptide sequence, the polypeptide. And so now that we have some context in mind, let's go ahead and analyze some of the other answer. Choices. Option C is specifically talking about peptide bonds forming between amino acids Now, this is characteristic of the second step of elongation. So it's not going to be correct here because we need to look for something that describes initiation option. D on the other hand says that the liposomal units dissociate. Now this is characteristic of the termination step, which is the end of course, of translation. So what happens during termination is that the ribosome eventually is going to reach a stop codon on the MRN A. Once that stop code on is recognized, the polypeptide is going to be released from the ribosome and the ribosome itself is going to dissociate thereby ending translation. So this leads us now with option B that says that the TRN A carrying methionine pairs with the start codon, this is correct, right? Because that initiator trn A is essential for the binding of the large subunit thereby completing the ribosome. So B is correct and there you have it. So with that being said, thank you so very much for watching. And I hope you found this helpful.

What are the three steps of translation?

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Transcription

Translation Initiation

Translation Elongation and Termination