In problems 5.51 to 5.54, a nucleus is shown with protons and neutrons.
Draw the nucleus of the isotope that is bombarded in the following:

Question

In problems 5.51 to 5.54, a nucleus is shown with protons and neutrons.

Draw the nucleus of the isotope that is bombarded in the following:

Accepted Answer

Welcome back everyone. The figure below shows the nucleus of a new isotope produced by bombarding a specific isotope illustrate the nucleus of the isotope that is bombarded. And below, we are given a key where we have a neutron particle characterized by a gray particle and a proton characterized by an orange colored particle. We are also given the incomplete nuclear reaction where we have a isotope consisting of two neutrons with two gray particles and two protons with two orange particles. And so we would be able to determine its identity because recall that for an isotope symbol, we have the mass number represented by the symbol A in the left hand superscript. And the atomic number represented by the symbol Z in the left hand subscript where atomic number recall is determined by the number of protons of an atom and mass number recall is determined by the sum of protons and neutrons for an atom. So to determine the isotope symbol for an atom with two neutrons and two protons, we would determine that the mass number is going to be a total of four when we take the sum between the two neutrons and the two protons, we have a mass number of four. And then we would determine its number of protons as two in the left hand subscript and recall that the atom on our periodic table with the atomic number of two correlates to the atom helium. And so we have helium four as a reactant that reacts with the unknown parent nu glide. So we're going to call this parent nu glide X one where we will then call the nucleus of the new isotope X two. And we need to determine the parent nu glide's mass number. So we'll put a to begin with as well as its atomic number Z. And the same goes for the nucleus of the new isotope. We need to determine its mass number A and its atomic number. Z. In order to write out the complete nuclear equation. Also notice that we have a second product which is the release of a neutron. And in this case, we would write its isotope symbol where we have the symbol of a neutron being lower case N recall that the mass of a neutron is just a neutron itself. So it would be a mass number of one in the left hand superscript. And then its atomic number is the number of protons which there are no protons, we just have a neutron product. So its mass or sorry, its atomic number is zero in the left hand subscript. So now focusing on figuring out the complete symbol of the new isotopes nucleus. We will begin by counting the given neutrons and protons in the diagram of the product. So we would observe that we've got a total of four protons given, meaning that the atomic number of the new isotope is going to be equal to those number of protons, which is four. So that we can then fill in four in the left hand subscript, we have four protons. And then we observe that we are given a total of seven gray colored particles which represent the neutrons. So we've got seven neutrons. And so calculating the mass number, we would have four plus seven, which would result in a mass number of 11 when we take the sum of the protons and neutrons. So again, moving now back to that parent new glide and to determine the illustration of its nucleus, we're going to need to write out the hypothetical nuclear equation that we have. And what we got is that helium four with its mass number of four and its atomic number of two reacts with the parent nu glide X one with its unknown mass number A and unknown atomic number Z. And this is resulting in our daughter nu glide product X two, which we determined has a mass number of 11, given by the illustration with seven neutrons and four protons. And then it has a mass or sorry atomic number of four. In the left hand subscript given by the four colored orange particles in the illustration of the product. And then we've have the second product which is a neutron where we agreed that its isotope symbol is lower case N with a mass number of one and an atomic number of zero. So now with this hypothetical reaction, we will write out an equation to determine the mass number and atomic number for the parent new glide. So what we can write out first solving for a, the mass number is that for plus A is equal to 11 plus one being the mass numbers of our products. So we would simplify this so that we have four plus A is equal to and subtracting four from both sides, we would then find that the mass number A is equal to a value of eight. And so that is the mass number of the parent nu glide. And now to determine the atomic number Z of the parent new glide, we would write out the following expression where we've got two plus Z equal to what we have on the product side for atomic number information, which is four plus zero. So simplifying we would have two plus Z equal to four and subtracting two from both sides. That would result in an atomic number of the parent new glide equal to positive two. So completing the isotope symbol for the parent new glide, we would result in an atomic number of two in the left hand subscript, which also indicates a total of therefore two protons. And we would fill in its mass number of eight in the left hand superscript. And that completes the identity of X one, the parent nu glide. And so going back to our given space to draw the illustration for this parent nu glide because we understand that protons are represented by orange particles according to the legend given in this prompt. And we know we have two protons. From our calculation for the parent nu Clyde, we would draw in two orange particles. So we have one and we have two and then we determined that we have a mass number of eight. So to determine the number of neutrons for the parent new glide, we would take the difference between the mass number of eight by the number of protons to protons. And that would result in a total of six neutrons total. So because the key given in the prompt represents neutrons as gray colored particles, we would draw in six gray colored particles to represent the six neutrons making up the parent new glide. So filling in for the complete nuclear equation, we would have our parent nu glide with it's mass number of eight and atomic number of two, which is bombarded by helium four to form our daughter nu glide X two with its mass number of 11, an atomic number of four. And the emission of one neutron with a mass number of one and atomic number of zero. So to complete this example, our final answer is going to be the illustrated nucleus that we've provided of the parent nu glide with again, a total of seven gray colored partic sorry six gray colored particles for the six neutrons present in the parent nu glide and two orange colored particles for the two protons present in the parent nu glide. I hope that this makes sense and let us know if you have any questions.

In problems 5.51 to 5.54, a nucleus is shown with protons and neutrons.
Draw the nucleus of the isotope that is bombarded in the following:
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Key Concepts

Nuclear Structure

Isotopes

Nuclear Reactions