Which of the following statements about human populations in industrialized countries is correct?
a. Birth rates and death rates are high
b. Average family size is relatively large
c. The population has undergone the demographic transition.
d. The survivorship curve is Type II

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand the concept of demographic transition: This refers to the shift from high birth and death rates to low birth and death rates as a country industrializes and develops economically. Industrialized countries typically experience this transition.
2. Review the characteristics of populations in industrialized countries: These populations generally have lower birth rates and death rates due to improved healthcare, education, and living standards.
3. Analyze the survivorship curve types: Type II survivorship curves represent populations with a constant death rate across all age groups, which is not typical for industrialized human populations. Instead, industrialized countries often exhibit Type I survivorship curves, where most individuals live to old age.
4. Evaluate the average family size: In industrialized countries, family sizes tend to be smaller due to factors like access to contraception, higher education levels, and economic considerations.
5. Compare the options provided: Based on the above analysis, identify the statement that aligns with the characteristics of human populations in industrialized countries. The correct answer is likely related to the demographic transition.

Key Concepts

Demographic Transition

The demographic transition model describes the shift from high birth and death rates to lower birth and death rates as a country develops. This transition typically occurs in four stages: pre-industrial, transitional, industrial, and post-industrial. In industrialized countries, populations have usually moved to the later stages, characterized by lower birth rates and longer life expectancy.

Survivorship Curves

Survivorship curves graphically represent the number of individuals surviving at each age for a given species. Type II curves indicate a constant mortality rate throughout the lifespan, typical of species that experience a relatively uniform chance of dying at any age. In contrast, Type I curves show high survival rates in early and middle life, while Type III curves depict high mortality in early life.

Population Dynamics in Industrialized Countries

In industrialized countries, population dynamics are influenced by factors such as lower birth rates, increased life expectancy, and changing family structures. These countries often experience aging populations and shifts in family size, leading to unique challenges such as workforce shortages and increased healthcare demands. Understanding these dynamics is crucial for addressing social and economic issues.