In a plant cell, what is the primary function of mitochondria?

• A. They store genetic information as the cell's main repository of DNA.
• B. They synthesize ribosomal RNA and assemble ribosomal subunits.
• C. They generate ATP through cellular respiration by oxidizing organic molecules.
• D. They capture light energy to produce sugars through photosynthesis.

Answer: (C)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Identify the organelle in question: mitochondria are membrane-bound organelles found in most eukaryotic cells, including plant cells.
2. Recall the primary function of mitochondria: they are known as the 'powerhouses' of the cell because they generate energy.
3. Understand the process involved: mitochondria produce ATP (adenosine triphosphate) through cellular respiration, which involves oxidizing organic molecules like glucose.
4. Differentiate mitochondria from other organelles: for example, chloroplasts capture light energy for photosynthesis, the nucleus stores genetic information, and the nucleolus synthesizes ribosomal RNA.
5. Conclude that the main role of mitochondria in plant cells is to generate ATP by cellular respiration, providing energy for cellular activities.