Which specialized cell type generates and conducts nervous impulses (action potentials) in the nervous system?

• A. Neuron
• B. Microglial cell
• C. Oligodendrocyte
• D. Astrocyte

Answer: (A)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand the function of each cell type listed: Microglial cells act as immune cells in the nervous system, Oligodendrocytes produce myelin to insulate axons, Astrocytes support and maintain the environment around neurons.
2. Recall that the generation and conduction of nervous impulses, or action potentials, require specialized cells capable of electrical signaling.
3. Identify that neurons are the primary cells responsible for generating and transmitting electrical signals throughout the nervous system.
4. Recognize that neurons have unique structures such as dendrites, a cell body, and an axon that facilitate the reception and conduction of action potentials.
5. Conclude that among the options, the neuron is the specialized cell type that generates and conducts nervous impulses.