Draw the condensed structural formula for each of the followin...

Question

Draw the condensed structural formula for each of the following:

d. 3-methylpentanal

Accepted Answer

All right. Hi, everyone. So for this question, let's go ahead and draw the following the condensed structural formula of two ethel Hana. And here we have four different answer choices labeled A through D. So one quick note about what a condensed structural formula happens to be a condensed structural formula showcases all of the atoms connecting in a particular molecule. But while bonds in between atoms that are not hydrogen are actually shown hydrogens that are connecting to carbon atoms, nitrogen atoms, et cetera are instead grouped next to the atoms that they are associated to the bonds between carbon and hydrogen, for example, are not explicitly drawn whereas carbon carbon bonds are. So with this in mind, let's go ahead and work backwards starting at the word hepton. Now in two ethyl hepton, now the prefix hept, if you recall or hept indicates that the parent chain is going to be seven carbons locked and recall that sometimes modifiers are necessary to indicate what functional groups are present. And the modifier A L at the very end is used when the compound in question is an aldehyde. So the first thing I'm going to do here on the bottom of the screen is draw out seven carbon atoms connecting to each other in a straight line. Now recall also that all the hides are functional groups in which a carbonel or a carbon double bonded to an oxygen is at the very end of the parent chain. So in this case, I'm going to take the carbon that's farthest to the left here, make it my number one and then add my car bottle to it. Now, because the word aldehyde has an H in the name, that's what I used to remember the fact that an aldehyde always has at least one hydrogen attached directly to the carbon or carbon. So now that I've taken care of my primary functional group. In this case, the aldehyde, I'm going to focus my attention on the other substituents that may be branching off of the parent chain. And the phrase to Ethel indicates that we have only one ethyl substituent on carbon two of the parent chain. In other words, the carbon atom next to my aldehyde is going to have a two carbon substituent or C two ch three. So we're almost done, right? Because recall it, all atoms in a given molecule have to be shown and that includes the hydrogens that we have not taken care of quite yet. Recall that carbon requires four bonds to fulfill its octet and remain neutral. So our last step is to make sure that the remaining carbon atoms in the parent chain have the appropriate number of hydrogens that they require. Now, carbon one, which is the aldehyde carbon already has all of the bonds necessary. So I don't have to add anything to carbon one. However, carbon two at this point only has three bonds to other atoms. This means that carbon two needs one more hydrogen to remain neutral and also carbons 345 and six each have only two bonds to other atoms. This means that carbons 345 and six are going to require two hydrogens each to ensure that they stayed neutral. And last but not least is carbon seven. Now, carbon seven only has one bond to another atom. So that means that it gets three hydrogens to fulfill its four bond requirements and there you have it. So I'm going to go ahead and erase my labels here to make the condensed structural formula easier to see. So the condensed structural formula matches with option A in the multiple choice, meaning that option A is going to be our final answer. And it's also worth mentioning that option A was the only answer. Choice that actually had an aldehyde functional group. So that was something else that helps us confirm that option A is our correct answer and there you have it. So with that being said, thank you so very much for watching and I hope you found this helpful

Draw the condensed structural formula for each of the following:
d. 3-methylpentanal

Key Concepts

Condensed Structural Formula

Aliphatic Aldehyde

IUPAC Nomenclature

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