Textbook Question
All fungi are
a. Symbiotic
b. Heterotrophic
c. Flagellated
d. Decomposers
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Ch. 31 - Fungi
Urry12th EditionCampbell BiologyISBN: 9785794169850
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Table of contents
- Ch. 1 - Evolution, the Themes of Biology, and Scientific Inquiry8
- Ch. 2 - The Chemical Context of Life8
- Ch. 3 - Water and Life6
- Ch. 4 - Carbon and the Molecular Diversity of Life9
- Ch. 5 - The Structure and Function of Large Biological Molecules9
- Ch. 6 - A Tour of the Cell6
- Ch. 7 - Membrane Structure and Function6
- Ch. 8 - An Introduction to Metabolism6
- Ch. 9 - Cellular Respiration and Fermentation10
- Ch. 10 - Photosynthesis7
- Ch. 11 - Cell Communication7
- Ch. 12 - The Cell Cycle11
- Ch. 13 - Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycles10
- Ch. 14 - Mendel and the Gene Idea14
- Ch, 15 - The Chromosomal Basis of Inheritance6
- Ch. 16 - The Molecular Basis of Inheritance9
- Ch. 17 - Gene Expression: From Gene to Protein9
- Ch. 18 - Regulation of Gene Expression10
- Ch. 19 - Viruses6
- Ch. 20 - DNA Tools and Biotechnology7
- Ch. 21 - Genomes and Their Evolution8
- Ch. 22 - Descent with Modification: A Darwininan View of Life6
- Ch. 23 - The Evolution of Populations5
- Ch. 24 - The Origin of Species6
- Ch. 25 - The History of Life on Earth8
- Ch. 26 - Phylogeny and the Tree of Life8
- Ch. 27 - Bacteria and Archaea6
- Ch. 28 - Protists7
- Ch. 29 - Plant Diversity I: How Plants Colonized Land7
- Ch. 30 - Plant Diversity II: The Evolution of Seed Plants6
- Ch. 31 - Fungi5
- Ch. 32 - An Overview of Animal Diversity4
- Ch. 33 - An introduction to Invertebrates6
- Ch. 34 - The Origin and Evolution of Vertebrates7
- Ch. 35 - Vascular Plant Structure, Growth, and Development10
- Ch. 36 - Resource Acquisition and Transport in Vascular Plants8
- Ch. 37 - Soil and Plant Nutrition11
- Ch. 38 - Angiosperm Reproduction and Biotechnology8
- Ch. 39 - Plant Responses to Internal and External Signals8
- Ch. 40 - Basic Principles of Animal Form and Function8
- Ch. 41 - Animal Nutrition7
- Ch. 42 - Circulation and Gas Exchange7
- Ch. 43 - The Immune System5
- Ch. 44 - Osmoregulation and Excretion6
- Ch. 45 - Hormones and the Endocrine System8
- Ch. 46 - Animal Reproduction9
- Ch. 47 - Animal Development8
- Ch. 48 - Neurons, Synapses, and Signaling6
- Ch. 49 - Nervous Systems8
- Ch. 50 - Sensory and Motor Mechanisms5
- Ch. 51 Animal Behavior6
- Ch. 52 - An Introduction to Ecology and the Biosphere7
- Ch. 53 - Population Ecology9
- Ch. 54 - Community Ecology9
- Ch. 55 - Ecosystems and Restoration Ecology8
- Ch. 56 - Conservation Biology and Global Change6
Chapter 31, Problem 3
The closest relatives of fungi are thought to be the
a. Animals
b. Vascular plants
c. Mosses
d. Slime molds
Verified step by step guidance1
Understand the evolutionary relationships between different groups of organisms. Fungi, animals, and plants are all part of the eukaryotic domain, but they belong to different kingdoms.
Consider the characteristics that fungi share with other organisms. Fungi are heterotrophic like animals, meaning they obtain their food by absorbing nutrients from other organisms.
Examine the phylogenetic tree of life, which shows the evolutionary relationships between different species. Fungi and animals are more closely related to each other than to plants or other groups.
Review the concept of a clade, which is a group of organisms that includes a common ancestor and all its descendants. Fungi and animals belong to the same clade known as Opisthokonta.
Conclude that based on evolutionary biology and phylogenetic studies, the closest relatives of fungi are animals, as they share a more recent common ancestor with fungi than with plants, mosses, or slime molds.
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Key Concepts
Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.
Fungi
Fungi are a kingdom of organisms that include yeasts, molds, and mushrooms. They are eukaryotic, meaning their cells have a nucleus, and they obtain nutrients through absorption. Fungi play crucial roles in ecosystems as decomposers and symbionts, and they have unique characteristics such as chitin in their cell walls.
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Fungi - 1
Phylogenetic Relationships
Phylogenetic relationships refer to the evolutionary connections between different organisms, often depicted in a phylogenetic tree. These relationships are determined by genetic, morphological, and biochemical data, helping scientists understand how species are related and their common ancestors. In the context of fungi, understanding their closest relatives involves examining these evolutionary links.
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Eukaryotic Kingdoms
Eukaryotic kingdoms include Animalia, Plantae, Fungi, and Protista, each characterized by cells with a nucleus and other organelles. Animals are multicellular and heterotrophic, plants are primarily autotrophic, and fungi absorb nutrients. Protists are diverse, including slime molds, which share some characteristics with fungi but are distinct in their life cycles and cellular organization.
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Related Practice
Textbook Question
Which of the following cells or structures are associated with asexual reproduction in fungi?
a. Ascospores
b. Basidiospores
c. Zygosporangia
d. Conidiophores
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Textbook Question
The most important adaptive advantage associated with the filamentous nature of fungal mycelia is
a. The ability to form haustoria and parasitize other organisms.
b. The potential to inhabit almost all terrestrial habitats.
c. The increased chance of contact between mating types.
d. An extensive surface area well suited for invasive growth and absorptive nutrition.
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Textbook Question
The grass Dichanthelium lanuginosum lives in hot soils and houses fungi of the genus Curvularia as endophytes. Researchers tested the impact of Curvularia on the heat tolerance of this grass. They grew plants without (E−) and with (E+) Curvularia endophytes at different temperatures and measured plant mass and the number of new shoots the plants produced. Draw a bar graph for plant mass versus temperature and interpret it.
Data from R. S. Redman et al., Thermotolerance generated by plant/fungal symbiosis, Science 298:1581 (2002).
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