Predict the possible consequences of global warming to the net reproductive rate of sea turtles given that the sex ratio of many sea turtles and other reptiles is determined by the temperature of the eggs in the nest; typically, warmer eggs become female and cooler eggs become male.

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand the relationship between temperature and sex determination in sea turtles. Warmer temperatures generally result in a higher proportion of female hatchlings, while cooler temperatures favor the production of male hatchlings.
2. Consider the implications of global warming, which is expected to increase average temperatures globally. This could lead to a shift in the sex ratios of sea turtle populations, skewing them towards more females due to higher nest temperatures.
3. Analyze how a skewed sex ratio could affect the net reproductive rate of sea turtles. A higher proportion of females might initially seem beneficial for increasing the population, but a lack of males could eventually limit the potential for reproduction.
4. Evaluate the long-term consequences of an imbalanced sex ratio on the genetic diversity and resilience of sea turtle populations. Reduced genetic diversity can make populations more vulnerable to diseases and environmental changes.
5. Discuss potential conservation strategies that could mitigate the effects of global warming on sea turtle sex ratios, such as shading nests or relocating them to cooler areas, and the importance of global efforts to reduce greenhouse gas emissions.

Key Concepts

Temperature-Dependent Sex Determination

In many reptiles, including sea turtles, the sex of the offspring is determined by the temperature at which the eggs are incubated. Warmer temperatures typically produce female hatchlings, while cooler temperatures lead to male hatchlings. This phenomenon is crucial for understanding how environmental changes, such as global warming, can skew sex ratios in populations.

Global Warming and Climate Change

Global warming refers to the long-term increase in Earth's average surface temperature due to human activities, primarily the emission of greenhouse gases. This rise in temperature can lead to altered weather patterns, affecting ecosystems and species survival. For sea turtles, increased temperatures can impact nesting sites and the viability of eggs, ultimately influencing population dynamics.

Net Reproductive Rate

The net reproductive rate (R0) is a demographic measure that indicates the average number of offspring that an individual is expected to produce over its lifetime, accounting for factors like survival and sex ratio. A skewed sex ratio due to temperature changes can significantly affect R0, as a predominance of females may lead to overpopulation, while a lack of males can hinder reproduction, threatening the species' sustainability.