List at least two examples of the use of rDNA in medicine and in agriculture.

Verified step by step guidance

1. Identify what rDNA (recombinant DNA) technology is and its significance in genetic engineering.
2. Explore the use of rDNA in medicine, such as the production of insulin for diabetes treatment.
3. Consider another medical application, like the development of vaccines, for example, the hepatitis B vaccine.
4. Investigate the use of rDNA in agriculture, such as the creation of genetically modified crops that are resistant to pests.
5. Look into another agricultural application, like the development of crops with enhanced nutritional content, such as golden rice enriched with vitamin A.

Key Concepts

Recombinant DNA Technology

Recombinant DNA (rDNA) technology involves combining DNA from different organisms to create new genetic combinations. This technique allows scientists to manipulate genes, enabling the production of proteins or traits that are beneficial in various fields, including medicine and agriculture. For instance, rDNA is used to produce insulin for diabetes treatment and to develop genetically modified crops that are resistant to pests.

Genetic Engineering in Medicine

Genetic engineering in medicine refers to the use of rDNA technology to create therapeutic products or treatments. This includes the production of hormones, vaccines, and monoclonal antibodies. For example, rDNA is used to produce human growth hormone and vaccines for diseases like hepatitis B, enhancing the efficacy and safety of medical treatments.

Genetic Modification in Agriculture

Genetic modification in agriculture involves altering the genetic makeup of crops to improve yield, resistance to diseases, and environmental adaptability. Through rDNA technology, crops can be engineered to express traits such as herbicide resistance or enhanced nutritional content. Examples include Bt corn, which is modified to produce a bacterial toxin that deters pests, and Golden Rice, enriched with vitamin A to combat malnutrition.