Textbook Question
Evaluate this statement: Gene flow increases the genetic divergence of populations.
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Ch. 24 - Speciation
Freeman8th EditionBiological ScienceISBN: 9780138276263
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Table of contents
- Ch. 1 - Biology: The Study of Life13
- Ch. 2 - Water and Carbon: The Chemical Basis of Life14
- Ch.3 - Protein Structure and Function10
- Ch.4 - Nucleic Acids and the RNA World10
- Ch. 5 - An Introduction to Carbohydrates10
- Ch. 6 - Lipids, Membranes, and the First Cells11
- Ch. 7 - Inside the Cell10
- Ch. 8 - Energy and Enzymes: An Introduction to Metabolism10
- Ch. 9 - Cellular Respiration and Fermentation11
- Ch. 10 - Photosynthesis12
- Ch. 11 - Cell-Cell Interactions12
- Ch. 12 - The Cell Cycle8
- Ch. 13 - Meiosis12
- Ch. 14 - Mendel and the Gene23
- Ch. 15 - DNA and the Gene: Synthesis and Repair15
- Ch. 16 - How Genes Work16
- Ch. 17 - Transcription, RNA Processing, and Translation16
- Ch. 18 - Control of Gene Expression in Bacteria16
- Ch. 19 - Control of Gene Expression in Eukaryotes12
- Ch. 20 - The Molecular Revolution: Biotechnology, Genomics, and New Frontiers15
- Ch. 21 - Genes, Development, and Evolution12
- Ch. 22 - Evolution by Natural Selection16
- Ch. 23 - Evolutionary Processes13
- Ch. 24 - Speciation15
- Ch. 25 - Phylogenies and the History of Life13
- Ch. 26 - Bacteria and Archaea15
- Ch. 27 - Diversification of Eukaryotes16
- Ch. 28 - Green Algae and Land Plants16
- Ch. 29 - Fungi18
- Ch. 30 - An Introduction to Animals9
- Ch. 31 - Protostome Animals15
- Ch. 32 - Deuterostome Animals17
- Ch. 33 - Viruses16
- Ch. 34 - Plant Form and Function16
- Ch. 35 - Water and Sugar Transport in Plants16
- Ch. 36 - Plant Nutrition13
- Ch. 37 - Plant Sensory Systems, Signals, and Responses16
- Ch. 38 - Flowering Plant Reproduction and Development16
- Ch. 39 - Animal Form and Function17
- Ch. 40 - Water and Electrolyte Balance in Animals16
- Ch. 41 - Animal Nutrition16
- Ch. 42 - Gas Exchange and Circulation16
- Ch. 43 - Animal Nervous Systems16
- Ch. 44 - Animal Sensory Systems16
- Ch. 45 - Animal Movement11
- Ch. 46 - Chemical Signals in Animals16
- Ch. 47 - Animal Reproduction and Development16
- Ch. 48 - The Immune System in Animals16
- Ch. 49 - An Introduction to Ecology15
- Ch. 50 - Behavioral Ecology16
- Ch. 51 - Population Ecology16
- Ch. 52 - Community Ecology20
- Ch. 53 - Ecosystems and Global Ecology17
- Ch. 54 - Biodiversity and Conservation Ecology18
Chapter 24, Problem 7
If one species (2n = 10) crosses with another species (2n = 18), producing an allopolyploid offspring, what is the ploidy of the offspring?
a. 2n = 10
b. 2n = 18
c. 2n = 10+18 = 28
d. 4n = 36 +20 = 56
Verified step by step guidance1
Understand the concept of allopolyploidy: Allopolyploidy occurs when two different species interbreed, resulting in offspring with a combination of the parental species' chromosome sets.
Identify the chromosome numbers of the parent species: The first species has a diploid number of 2n=10, and the second species has a diploid number of 2n=18.
Determine the chromosome contribution from each parent: In an allopolyploid, the offspring typically receives one complete set of chromosomes from each parent species.
Calculate the total chromosome number in the offspring: Add the chromosome numbers from both parent species to find the total chromosome number in the offspring.
Consider the ploidy level: Since the offspring is an allopolyploid, it will have a ploidy level that is the sum of the chromosome sets from both parents, resulting in a new diploid number.
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Key Concepts
Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.
Allopolyploidy
Allopolyploidy refers to the formation of a polyploid organism through the hybridization of two different species. This process involves the combination of the complete sets of chromosomes from each parent species, resulting in offspring with a higher chromosome number than either parent. It is a common mechanism in plant evolution, leading to new species with unique genetic combinations.
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05:53
Polyploidy
Chromosome Number
Chromosome number is the total count of chromosomes present in the nucleus of a cell. In diploid organisms, represented as 2n, chromosomes exist in pairs. When two species with different chromosome numbers cross, the resulting offspring's chromosome number is typically the sum of the two parent species' chromosome numbers, especially in cases of allopolyploidy.
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Guided course
08:09Homologous Chromosomes
Hybridization
Hybridization is the process of crossing two genetically distinct species or varieties to produce offspring with traits from both parents. In the context of allopolyploidy, hybridization leads to the combination of different sets of chromosomes, creating a new organism with genetic material from both parent species. This can result in increased genetic diversity and novel characteristics in the offspring.
Recommended video:
04:38Hybrid Zones
Related Practice
Textbook Question
When the ranges of two different species meet, a stable 'hybrid zone' occupied by hybrid individuals may form. How is this possible?
a. Two diverged populations are capable of mating and producing viable and fertile offspring.
b. Hybrid individuals are always allopolyploid and are thus unable to mate with either of the original species.
c. Hybrid individuals may have reduced fitness and thus be strongly selected against.
d. One species has a selective advantage, so as hybridization continues, the other species will go extinct.
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Textbook Question
Sexual selection favors individuals with traits that increase their ability to obtain mates, such as mating calls in crickets. Using this example, propose a scenario where sexual selection could contribute to divergence in sympatric speciation.
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Textbook Question
True or false? Speciation is a slow process. Justify your answer.
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Textbook Question
Three-spine sticklebacks are small fish that originated in the ocean and continue to exist there, but then some took up residence in hundreds of streams and freshwater lakes in the Northern Hemisphere. Predict whether you would expect to find different species in lakes today.
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Textbook Question
All over the world, natural habitats are being fragmented into tiny islands by suburbs, ranches, farms, and roads. If asked to join a science panel to speak to Congress, could you explain how this fragmentation process could lead to extinction? How it could lead to speciation?
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