Find fg and determine the domain for each function. f(x) = 2x² − x − 3, g (x) = x + 1
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3. Functions
Intro to Functions & Their Graphs
Problem 39c
Textbook Question
Find fg and determine the domain for each function. f(x) = √x, g(x) = x − 4
Verified step by step guidance1
Step 1: Understand the problem. The goal is to find the composition of the functions f and g, denoted as fg(x) = f(g(x)). This means we will substitute g(x) into f(x).
Step 2: Substitute g(x) = x − 4 into f(x) = √x. This gives fg(x) = √(x − 4).
Step 3: Analyze the domain of fg(x). The square root function √x is only defined for x ≥ 0. Therefore, for fg(x) = √(x − 4), the expression inside the square root, x − 4, must be greater than or equal to 0.
Step 4: Solve the inequality x − 4 ≥ 0 to determine the domain. Add 4 to both sides to get x ≥ 4.
Step 5: Conclude that the domain of fg(x) is all x such that x ≥ 4. In interval notation, the domain is [4, ∞).
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Key Concepts
Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.
Function Composition
Function composition involves combining two functions, where the output of one function becomes the input of another. In this case, fg means f(g(x)), which requires substituting g(x) into f(x). Understanding how to perform this substitution is crucial for finding the composite function.
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Domain of a Function
The domain of a function is the set of all possible input values (x-values) for which the function is defined. For the function f(x) = √x, the domain is restricted to non-negative values of x, as square roots of negative numbers are not defined in the real number system. Identifying the domain of both f and g is essential for determining the overall domain of the composite function.
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Domain Restrictions of Composed Functions
Square Root Function
The square root function, denoted as f(x) = √x, outputs the non-negative square root of x. This function is only defined for x ≥ 0, which directly impacts the domain when composing it with another function. Understanding the properties of square root functions is vital for correctly evaluating and determining the domain of the composite function fg.
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