Simplify each exponential expression in Exercises 23–64.
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Identify the given expression: \(\left(\frac{3x^{4}}{y}\right)^{-3}\).
Recall the rule for negative exponents: \(a^{-n} = \frac{1}{a^{n}}\). Apply this to rewrite the expression as \(\frac{1}{\left(\frac{3x^{4}}{y}\right)^{3}}\).
Apply the power of a quotient rule: \(\left(\frac{a}{b}\right)^{n} = \frac{a^{n}}{b^{n}}\). Rewrite the denominator as \(\frac{(3x^{4})^{3}}{y^{3}}\).
Rewrite the entire expression as \(\frac{1}{\frac{(3x^{4})^{3}}{y^{3}}}\), which is equivalent to multiplying by the reciprocal: \(\frac{y^{3}}{(3x^{4})^{3}}\).
Apply the power of a product rule: \((ab)^{n} = a^{n}b^{n}\). Expand the denominator to \$3^{3} \cdot (x^{4})^{3}\(, and then use the power of a power rule: \)(x^{m})^{n} = x^{mn}\( to simplify \)x^{4 \cdot 3}$.
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Key Concepts
Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.
Negative Exponents
A negative exponent indicates the reciprocal of the base raised to the corresponding positive exponent. For example, x^(-n) equals 1 divided by x^n. This rule helps simplify expressions by rewriting negative powers as fractions.
When an entire fraction is raised to an exponent, both the numerator and denominator are raised to that power separately. For instance, (a/b)^n equals a^n divided by b^n. This rule is essential for simplifying expressions like (3x^4/y)^-3.
When a product inside parentheses is raised to an exponent, each factor is raised to that exponent individually. For example, (ab)^n equals a^n times b^n. This helps in breaking down expressions like (3x^4)^-3 for simplification.