__________ RNA carries amino acids.

Verified step by step guidance

1. Identify the type of RNA that is responsible for carrying amino acids.
2. Recall that there are three main types of RNA involved in protein synthesis: mRNA, tRNA, and rRNA.
3. Understand that mRNA (messenger RNA) carries the genetic information from DNA to the ribosome.
4. Recognize that rRNA (ribosomal RNA) is a component of ribosomes and plays a role in protein synthesis.
5. Conclude that tRNA (transfer RNA) is the type of RNA that carries amino acids to the ribosome during protein synthesis.

Key Concepts

Transfer RNA (tRNA)

Transfer RNA (tRNA) is a type of RNA molecule that plays a crucial role in protein synthesis. It is responsible for transporting specific amino acids to the ribosome, where proteins are assembled. Each tRNA molecule has an anticodon that pairs with a corresponding codon on the mRNA, ensuring that the correct amino acid is added to the growing polypeptide chain.

Amino Acids

Amino acids are organic compounds that serve as the building blocks of proteins. There are 20 standard amino acids, each with a unique side chain that determines its properties. During translation, amino acids are linked together in a specific sequence dictated by the mRNA, forming polypeptides that fold into functional proteins.

Protein Synthesis

Protein synthesis is the biological process through which cells generate new proteins. It involves two main stages: transcription, where DNA is transcribed into mRNA, and translation, where mRNA is decoded by ribosomes to assemble amino acids into a polypeptide chain. This process is essential for cell function, growth, and repair.