The function of the articular cartilage is:
(a) To reduce friction
(b) To prevent bony surfaces from contacting one another
(c) To provide lubrication
(d) Both a and b

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand that articular cartilage is a smooth, white tissue that covers the ends of bones where they come together to form joints.
2. Recognize that one of the primary functions of articular cartilage is to reduce friction between the bones during movement, allowing for smooth motion.
3. Know that articular cartilage also acts as a cushion to prevent the bony surfaces from directly contacting each other, which protects the bones from damage.
4. Consider the role of lubrication in joints, which is mainly provided by synovial fluid, not the cartilage itself.
5. Conclude that the correct function of articular cartilage includes both reducing friction and preventing bony surfaces from contacting one another, corresponding to option (d) Both a and b.

Key Concepts

Articular Cartilage Structure

Articular cartilage is a smooth, white tissue that covers the ends of bones where they form joints. It is composed mainly of collagen and proteoglycans, providing a resilient and smooth surface that facilitates joint movement.

Function of Articular Cartilage in Reducing Friction

Articular cartilage reduces friction between bones during movement by providing a smooth, lubricated surface. This minimizes wear and tear on the joint surfaces, allowing for pain-free and efficient motion.

Role in Preventing Bone-to-Bone Contact

By covering the ends of bones, articular cartilage prevents direct contact between bony surfaces. This cushioning effect protects bones from damage and helps distribute mechanical loads evenly across the joint.