Which of the following is a characteristic unique to eukaryotic cells?

• A. Cell wall composed of peptidoglycan
• B. Presence of membrane-bound organelles
• C. Absence of a cytoskeleton
• D. Genetic material located in the nucleoid region

Answer: (B)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand the key differences between eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells. Eukaryotic cells are characterized by the presence of membrane-bound organelles, such as the nucleus, mitochondria, and endoplasmic reticulum, while prokaryotic cells lack these structures.
2. Analyze the options provided. The first option, 'Cell wall composed of peptidoglycan,' is a characteristic of prokaryotic cells, specifically bacteria, not eukaryotic cells.
3. Evaluate the second option, 'Presence of membrane-bound organelles.' This is a defining feature of eukaryotic cells, as their organelles are enclosed by membranes, allowing compartmentalization of cellular functions.
4. Consider the third option, 'Absence of a cytoskeleton.' This is incorrect because eukaryotic cells have a well-developed cytoskeleton composed of microtubules, microfilaments, and intermediate filaments, which provide structural support and facilitate intracellular transport.
5. Review the fourth option, 'Genetic material located in the nucleoid region.' This is a characteristic of prokaryotic cells, where the DNA is not enclosed in a nucleus but is instead found in a nucleoid region. In eukaryotic cells, genetic material is enclosed within a membrane-bound nucleus.