Which of the following is the end result of mitosis in a diploid organism?

• A. Four genetically unique haploid cells
• B. One diploid and one haploid cell
• C. Two genetically identical diploid daughter cells
• D. Two genetically unique diploid cells

Answer: (C)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand the process of mitosis: Mitosis is a type of cell division that occurs in somatic (non-reproductive) cells. Its primary purpose is to produce two daughter cells that are genetically identical to the parent cell and maintain the same chromosome number as the parent cell.
2. Recall the chromosome number in a diploid organism: Diploid cells have two sets of chromosomes (2n), one set inherited from each parent. This is the chromosome number that must be maintained during mitosis.
3. Analyze the stages of mitosis: During mitosis, the parent cell undergoes several stages (prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase) to ensure that the replicated chromosomes are evenly distributed into two daughter cells. Cytokinesis then divides the cytoplasm, completing the process.
4. Eliminate incorrect options: The first option, 'Four genetically unique haploid cells,' describes the outcome of meiosis, not mitosis. The second option, 'One diploid and one haploid cell,' is not a possible outcome of mitosis. The fourth option, 'Two genetically unique diploid cells,' is incorrect because mitosis produces genetically identical cells.
5. Conclude with the correct answer: The correct result of mitosis in a diploid organism is 'Two genetically identical diploid daughter cells,' as mitosis ensures the preservation of genetic material and chromosome number in the daughter cells.