In any eukaryotic cell, cellular respiration occurs within which organelle?

• A. Endoplasmic reticulum
• B. Mitochondria
• C. Chloroplasts
• D. Nucleus

Answer: (B)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand the process of cellular respiration: Cellular respiration is the process by which cells convert glucose and oxygen into energy in the form of ATP (adenosine triphosphate), along with byproducts like carbon dioxide and water.
2. Identify the organelle responsible for energy production: In eukaryotic cells, the organelle specialized for energy production is the mitochondrion, often referred to as the 'powerhouse of the cell.'
3. Recall the structure and function of the mitochondria: Mitochondria have a double membrane structure, with the inner membrane folded into cristae. These folds increase the surface area for the electron transport chain, a key step in cellular respiration.
4. Eliminate incorrect options: The endoplasmic reticulum is involved in protein and lipid synthesis, chloroplasts are responsible for photosynthesis in plant cells, and the nucleus houses genetic material and regulates gene expression, none of which are directly involved in cellular respiration.
5. Conclude that the correct answer is mitochondria, as they are the site of the Krebs cycle and oxidative phosphorylation, the main stages of cellular respiration.