A metaphase chromosome is ______ a chromosome in a non-dividing cell.

• A. identical in structure to
• B. less condensed than
• C. composed of two sister chromatids, unlike
• D. found only in prokaryotic cells, unlike

Answer: (C)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand the context of the question: The problem is asking about the structural and functional differences between a metaphase chromosome and a chromosome in a non-dividing cell. This requires knowledge of the cell cycle and chromosome organization.
2. Recall the structure of a metaphase chromosome: During metaphase, chromosomes are highly condensed and consist of two sister chromatids joined at a centromere. This condensation is necessary for proper segregation during mitosis.
3. Compare this to a chromosome in a non-dividing cell: In a non-dividing cell (interphase), chromosomes are less condensed and exist as chromatin, which is a loosely packed form of DNA. This allows for transcription and replication processes to occur.
4. Eliminate incorrect options: For example, 'identical in structure to' is incorrect because the structure of a metaphase chromosome (highly condensed, two sister chromatids) is different from that of a chromosome in a non-dividing cell (less condensed, single chromatid). Similarly, 'found only in prokaryotic cells' is incorrect because prokaryotes do not have a nucleus or metaphase chromosomes.
5. Conclude the correct answer: The metaphase chromosome is 'composed of two sister chromatids, unlike' a chromosome in a non-dividing cell, which is less condensed and does not have sister chromatids.