Which of the following substances or processes kills microorganisms on laboratory surfaces?
a. Antiseptics
b. Disinfectants
c. Degermers
d. Pasteurization

Verified step by step guidance

1. Step 1: Understand the definitions of each option to determine which one is used specifically for killing microorganisms on laboratory surfaces.
2. Step 2: Antiseptics are substances applied to living tissues to reduce the number of microbes, but they are not typically used on inanimate surfaces.
3. Step 3: Disinfectants are chemical agents used to destroy or inhibit microorganisms on non-living objects and surfaces, such as laboratory benches and equipment.
4. Step 4: Degermers are agents that remove microbes mechanically or chemically from living tissues, mainly skin, but do not necessarily kill all microorganisms on surfaces.
5. Step 5: Pasteurization is a heat treatment process used to reduce microbial load in liquids like milk, not for disinfecting surfaces.

Key Concepts

Disinfectants

Disinfectants are chemical agents used to kill or inhibit microorganisms on inanimate surfaces, such as laboratory benches and equipment. They are stronger than antiseptics and are not safe for use on living tissues. Disinfectants help prevent contamination and the spread of pathogens in lab environments.

Antiseptics

Antiseptics are substances applied to living tissues to reduce or inhibit microbial growth. Unlike disinfectants, they are safe for skin and mucous membranes but are generally less potent. Antiseptics are used to prevent infection in wounds or during medical procedures.

Pasteurization

Pasteurization is a heat treatment process that reduces microbial load in liquids like milk and juice to make them safe for consumption. It does not sterilize but significantly lowers the number of pathogens. Pasteurization is not used for disinfecting surfaces but for treating consumable products.