Which type of good is available to all individuals without requiring direct payment?

• A. Club goods
• B. Common resources
• C. Private goods
• D. Public goods

Answer: (D)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand the characteristics of different types of goods in microeconomics: excludability and rivalry.
2. Recall that public goods are non-excludable (cannot prevent anyone from using them) and non-rivalrous (one person's use does not reduce availability to others).
3. Identify that club goods are excludable but non-rivalrous, common resources are non-excludable but rivalrous, and private goods are both excludable and rivalrous.
4. Recognize that the good available to all individuals without requiring direct payment must be non-excludable, which matches the definition of public goods.
5. Conclude that the correct classification for a good available to all without direct payment is a public good.