6. Learning

Research suggests that once people learn something

What trend did Pavlov notice that eventually became the focus of his research?

Which term describes the bell in Pavlov's experiment before the acquisition phase?

Dr. Cho runs a lab studying learning in rats. Rats typically show a fear response (like freezing) when presented with a loud noise. Dr. Cho pairs a loud noise with a flash of light repeatedly until the rats freeze at the light alone. In this study, what is the conditioned stimulus?

For higher-order conditioning to occur, a new neutral stimulus must be paired with what?

Which of the following statements are accurate?

I) A cat runs to the kitchen every time they hear kibble being poured. Over time, the also begin to run to the kitchen anytime someone pours cereal. This is an example of stimulus generalization.

II) As stimulus generalization decreases, stimulus discrimination also decreases.

III) In stimulus discrimination, a similar stimulus will not elicit the conditioned response.

Which of the following situation is an example of extinction?

After extinction, a conditioned response may reappear when the conditioned stimulus is presented again after some time. What is this phenomenon?

When children witness other children cry when getting a vaccination, and the witnesses then cry before the needle even touches them, it is an example of