9. Hypothesis Testing for One Sample

In the context of hypothesis testing, which of the following is a reason that data may be considered unreliable?

Questions 6–10 refer to the sample data in the following table, which describes the fate of the passengers and crew aboard the Titanic when it sank on April 15, 1912. Assume that the data are a sample from a large population and we want to use a 0.05 significance level to test the claim that surviving is independent of whether the person is a man, woman, boy, or girl.

Given that the P-value for the hypothesis test is 0.000 when rounded to three decimal places, what do you conclude? What do the results indicate about the rule that women and children should be the first to be saved?

In hypothesis testing for a population mean, which symbol typically represents the test statistic used to evaluate the null hypothesis?

Which of the following is an assumption required to use the two-sample test of means ($t$-test for independent samples)?

When conducting a significance test in practice, how should you choose the $\alpha$ level?

Which of the following is the formula for the test statistic used in a test of paired samples?

Which one of the following statements is true about a $2-\mathrm{sample} t-\mathrm{test}$?

Which of the following does not need to be known in order to compute the $p$-value in a hypothesis test?

Which of the following is a correct interpretation of a $p$-value that is not very small in the context of hypothesis testing?

A null hypothesis can only be rejected at the $5\%$ significance level if and only if which of the following is true?

In the context of hypothesis testing, what does the $\mathrm{level of significance}$ represent?

Which of the following is not a conclusion of the central limit theorem?

Which of the following is an appropriate null hypothesis for the student's experiment?

Which of the following situations involves testing a claim about a single population proportion?

Suppose you conduct a hypothesis test and your p-value is equal to $0.002$. What can you conclude if your significance level is $0.05$?