Which of the following is an acute, reversible organic disorder characterized by symptoms of cognitive dysfunction?

• A. Delirium
• B. Major depressive disorder
• C. Schizophrenia
• D. Dementia

Answer: (A)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Step 1: Understand the key terms in the question. 'Acute' means the disorder has a rapid onset and short duration. 'Reversible' means symptoms can improve or resolve with treatment. 'Organic disorder' refers to a condition caused by physical or physiological changes in the brain.
2. Step 2: Review the characteristics of each option: Major depressive disorder is a mood disorder, not primarily organic or acute; Schizophrenia is a chronic psychotic disorder; Dementia is a chronic, progressive organic disorder; Delirium is an acute, reversible organic disorder with cognitive dysfunction.
3. Step 3: Focus on the symptom of cognitive dysfunction, which involves problems with memory, attention, and thinking. Delirium typically presents with sudden confusion and fluctuating levels of consciousness, fitting the description.
4. Step 4: Recognize that delirium is often caused by an underlying medical condition or substance and can be reversed when the cause is treated, distinguishing it from dementia, which is usually irreversible.
5. Step 5: Conclude that the disorder described as acute, reversible, organic, and involving cognitive dysfunction is delirium.