Alexis experiences persistent feelings of sadness, loss of interest in activities, changes in appetite, and difficulty sleeping for more than two weeks. According to the DSM-5, which psychological disorder is Alexis most likely experiencing?

• A. Generalized anxiety disorder
• B. Major depressive disorder
• C. Obsessive-compulsive disorder
• D. Bipolar I disorder

Answer: (B)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Identify the key symptoms described: persistent feelings of sadness, loss of interest in activities, changes in appetite, and difficulty sleeping lasting more than two weeks.
2. Recall the DSM-5 criteria for major psychological disorders, focusing on mood disorders and anxiety disorders.
3. Understand that Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) is characterized by a depressed mood or loss of interest/pleasure in most activities, along with other symptoms such as appetite changes and sleep disturbances, lasting at least two weeks.
4. Compare the symptoms with other disorders listed: Generalized Anxiety Disorder involves excessive worry, Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder involves intrusive thoughts and repetitive behaviors, and Bipolar I Disorder includes episodes of mania, which are not described here.
5. Conclude that the symptoms align most closely with Major Depressive Disorder according to DSM-5 criteria.