Which of the following is NOT one of the symptoms required for the diagnosis of major depressive disorder?

• A. Depressed mood most of the day, nearly every day
• B. Feelings of worthlessness or excessive guilt
• C. Significant weight loss or gain, or change in appetite
• D. Manic episodes characterized by elevated mood and increased energy

Answer: (D)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand that Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) is diagnosed based on specific symptoms outlined in the DSM-5 (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th Edition).
2. Review the core symptoms required for MDD diagnosis, which include depressed mood, feelings of worthlessness or excessive guilt, and significant weight loss or gain or changes in appetite, among others.
3. Recognize that manic episodes, characterized by elevated mood and increased energy, are not symptoms of MDD but are instead associated with Bipolar Disorder.
4. Compare each symptom option to the diagnostic criteria for MDD to identify which one does not fit.
5. Conclude that 'Manic episodes characterized by elevated mood and increased energy' is NOT a symptom required for the diagnosis of Major Depressive Disorder.