In the context of stress and its effects on cognitive performance, what was the primary factor that caused Rowley to lose his concentration during the exam?

• A. He was feeling physically unwell from lack of sleep.
• B. He experienced anxiety due to the pressure of the situation.
• C. He did not study the material thoroughly.
• D. He was distracted by loud noises outside the classroom.

Answer: (B)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Identify the key psychological concept involved in the problem, which is the effect of stress on cognitive performance.
2. Understand that stress can impact concentration through different mechanisms, such as physical discomfort, anxiety, lack of preparation, or environmental distractions.
3. Analyze each option in relation to how stress typically affects cognition: physical unwellness (like lack of sleep) can impair focus, but anxiety specifically relates to emotional and cognitive interference caused by pressure.
4. Recognize that anxiety due to pressure is a common and well-documented cause of concentration loss during exams, as it triggers worry and intrusive thoughts that disrupt cognitive processes.
5. Conclude that the primary factor causing Rowley to lose concentration was anxiety from the pressure of the situation, as it directly relates to stress impacting cognitive performance.