Which of the following is NOT a major characteristic of substance dependence?

• A. Consistently using the substance only in social situations without any negative consequences
• B. Withdrawal symptoms when the substance is not used
• C. Tolerance, meaning the need for increased amounts of the substance to achieve the desired effect
• D. Repeated unsuccessful efforts to cut down or control substance use

Answer: (A)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand the concept of substance dependence, which is characterized by a cluster of behavioral, cognitive, and physiological phenomena that develop after repeated substance use.
2. Identify the major characteristics of substance dependence, which typically include tolerance (needing more of the substance to achieve the same effect), withdrawal symptoms when not using the substance, and unsuccessful attempts to reduce or control use.
3. Analyze each option given in the problem to see if it aligns with these characteristics. For example, withdrawal symptoms and tolerance are well-established criteria for substance dependence.
4. Recognize that consistently using the substance only in social situations without any negative consequences does not fit the pattern of dependence, as dependence usually involves negative consequences and loss of control.
5. Conclude that the option describing use only in social situations without negative consequences is NOT a major characteristic of substance dependence.