Which of the following statements about attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is true?

• A. ADHD is characterized by persistent patterns of inattention and/or hyperactivity-impulsivity that interfere with functioning or development.
• B. ADHD is more common in females than in males.
• C. ADHD symptoms typically begin in late adulthood.
• D. ADHD can only be diagnosed if hyperactivity is present.

Answer: (A)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Step 1: Understand the core characteristics of ADHD. ADHD is primarily defined by persistent patterns of inattention and/or hyperactivity-impulsivity that interfere with daily functioning or development.
2. Step 2: Evaluate the statement about gender prevalence. Research shows that ADHD is more commonly diagnosed in males than in females, so the statement claiming it is more common in females is incorrect.
3. Step 3: Consider the typical onset of ADHD symptoms. ADHD symptoms usually begin in childhood, often before the age of 12, rather than in late adulthood.
4. Step 4: Assess the diagnostic criteria regarding symptom types. ADHD can be diagnosed if a person shows symptoms of inattention alone, hyperactivity-impulsivity alone, or a combination of both, so hyperactivity is not required for diagnosis.
5. Step 5: Conclude that the true statement is the one describing ADHD as characterized by persistent patterns of inattention and/or hyperactivity-impulsivity that interfere with functioning or development.