Which sociological perspective explains deviance as a natural and inevitable part of society that arises from the structure of social norms and the inability of some individuals to achieve societal goals?

• A. Social exchange theory
• B. Conflict theory
• C. Structural functionalism
• D. Symbolic interactionism

Answer: (C)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Identify the key concept in the question: deviance as a natural and inevitable part of society related to social norms and societal goals.
2. Recall the main sociological perspectives and their views on deviance: Social exchange theory focuses on cost-benefit analysis, Conflict theory emphasizes power struggles, Symbolic interactionism looks at individual interactions and meanings, and Structural functionalism views society as a system where each part has a function.
3. Understand that Structural functionalism explains deviance as a necessary part of social order because it highlights how deviance can reinforce social norms and clarify societal values.
4. Recognize that Structural functionalism also explains deviance through the concept of strain or anomie, where individuals may deviate when they cannot achieve culturally approved goals through accepted means.
5. Conclude that the perspective which best fits the description of deviance arising from social structure and norms is Structural functionalism.