Which of the following is true of autism spectrum disorder (ASD)?

• A. ASD is typically diagnosed only in adulthood.
• B. Individuals with ASD always have intellectual disabilities.
• C. ASD symptoms usually disappear completely by adolescence.
• D. ASD is characterized by persistent deficits in social communication and interaction.

Answer: (D)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Step 1: Understand the core characteristics of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). ASD is a neurodevelopmental disorder primarily characterized by challenges in social communication and interaction, along with restricted and repetitive patterns of behavior, interests, or activities.
2. Step 2: Evaluate the statement about diagnosis timing. ASD is usually identified in early childhood, not only in adulthood, because early signs often appear before age 3, although some individuals may be diagnosed later.
3. Step 3: Consider intellectual abilities in individuals with ASD. While some individuals with ASD may have intellectual disabilities, it is not a universal feature; many have average or above-average intelligence.
4. Step 4: Assess the persistence of symptoms. ASD symptoms do not typically disappear completely by adolescence; rather, they tend to persist throughout life, although the severity and manifestation can change over time.
5. Step 5: Conclude that the true statement is that ASD is characterized by persistent deficits in social communication and interaction, which aligns with the diagnostic criteria outlined in the DSM-5.