A store surveys its target demographic and learns that 86% of people would purchase the product they’ve been heavily advertising. Is this an experiment or an observational study? Can they conclude their current advertising strategy caused the high percentage of interest?

• A. Experiment; yes
• B. Experiment; no
• C. Observational study; yes
• D. Observational study; no

Answer: (D)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Identify the key characteristics of an experiment: In an experiment, researchers manipulate one or more variables (independent variables) to observe the effect on another variable (dependent variable), often with a control group for comparison.
2. Identify the key characteristics of an observational study: In an observational study, researchers observe and collect data without manipulating any variables. They do not control the environment or assign treatments.
3. Analyze the scenario: The store conducted a survey to gather data on customer interest. They did not manipulate any variables or assign treatments to participants, which means this is an observational study.
4. Understand causation vs. correlation: Observational studies can identify correlations but cannot establish causation because there is no control over external factors that might influence the results.
5. Conclude: Since this is an observational study, the store cannot conclude that their advertising strategy caused the high percentage of interest. Correlation does not imply causation.