B.F. Skinner, the modern champion of behaviorism, proposed that language is learned through which of the following processes?

• A. Observational learning by imitating adult speech without reinforcement
• B. Innate biological mechanisms that enable language acquisition regardless of experience
• C. Sudden insight and problem-solving abilities unique to humans
• D. Operant conditioning, where language behaviors are shaped by reinforcement and punishment

Answer: (D)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand that B.F. Skinner's theory of language acquisition is grounded in behaviorism, which emphasizes learning through interaction with the environment.
2. Recognize that Skinner proposed language is learned through operant conditioning, a process where behaviors are influenced by consequences such as reinforcement and punishment.
3. Recall that operant conditioning involves shaping language behavior by reinforcing correct speech and discouraging incorrect speech, thereby increasing the likelihood of desired language use.
4. Differentiate Skinner's view from other theories, such as Noam Chomsky's idea of innate biological mechanisms or observational learning without reinforcement.
5. Conclude that the correct process according to Skinner is operant conditioning, where language acquisition is a result of reinforcement and punishment shaping verbal behavior.