According to Robert Plutchik's theory of emotion, which of the following is considered one of the eight primary emotions?

• A. Guilt
• B. Pride
• C. Shame
• D. Joy

Answer: (D)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand that Robert Plutchik's theory of emotion proposes eight primary emotions that are biologically based and universal across cultures.
2. Recall that these primary emotions are arranged in a wheel and include emotions such as Joy, Trust, Fear, Surprise, Sadness, Disgust, Anger, and Anticipation.
3. Recognize that emotions like Guilt, Pride, and Shame are considered secondary or complex emotions, which arise from combinations or social contexts rather than being primary.
4. Identify that among the options given, 'Joy' is one of the eight primary emotions according to Plutchik's model.
5. Conclude that the correct answer is 'Joy' because it fits within the set of primary emotions defined by Plutchik's theory.