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Multiple Choice
The just-world hypothesis would best explain which of the following phenomena?
A
A person attributes their own success to hard work but others' success to luck.
B
A person believes that victims of crime must have done something to deserve their fate.
C
A group conforms to the opinions of the majority to avoid conflict.
D
An individual helps a stranger in need without expecting anything in return.
Verified step by step guidance
1
Understand the just-world hypothesis: it is the cognitive bias where people believe that the world is fair and that individuals get what they deserve.
Analyze each option by considering whether it reflects the belief that outcomes are deserved based on personal actions or characteristics.
Option 1 describes attributing one's own success to hard work but others' success to luck, which reflects a self-serving bias rather than just-world thinking.
Option 2 involves believing that victims of crime must have done something to deserve their fate, which directly aligns with the just-world hypothesis because it assumes people get what they deserve.
Options 3 and 4 involve social conformity and altruism, respectively, which are unrelated to the just-world hypothesis.