Which of the following brain structures is primarily responsible for regulating basic life functions such as heartbeat and breathing?

• A. Hippocampus
• B. Amygdala
• C. Cerebellum
• D. Medulla oblongata

Answer: (D)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand that the question asks about the brain structure responsible for regulating basic life functions such as heartbeat and breathing.
2. Recall that the brainstem, particularly the medulla oblongata, controls autonomic functions essential for survival, including heartbeat and respiration.
3. Recognize that the hippocampus is mainly involved in memory formation, not basic life functions.
4. Know that the amygdala is primarily associated with emotions and fear responses, not autonomic regulation.
5. Identify that the cerebellum is responsible for motor coordination and balance, rather than controlling heartbeat or breathing.