Which mental disorder is characterized by extreme withdrawal from reality and abnormal absorption in fantasy?

• A. Major depressive disorder
• B. Obsessive-compulsive disorder
• C. Panic disorder
• D. Schizoid personality disorder

Answer: (D)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Step 1: Understand the key terms in the question. 'Extreme withdrawal from reality' refers to a significant detachment from the external world, and 'abnormal absorption in fantasy' means a person is deeply engaged in their own inner thoughts or imagination, often to the exclusion of real-world interactions.
2. Step 2: Review the characteristics of each disorder listed: Major depressive disorder involves persistent sadness and loss of interest; Obsessive-compulsive disorder involves repetitive thoughts and behaviors; Panic disorder involves sudden episodes of intense fear; Schizoid personality disorder involves detachment from social relationships and a limited range of emotional expression.
3. Step 3: Identify which disorder best matches the description of withdrawal from reality and absorption in fantasy. Schizoid personality disorder is known for social detachment and a preference for solitary activities, often accompanied by a rich inner fantasy life.
4. Step 4: Differentiate schizoid personality disorder from other disorders by noting that it does not typically involve the mood symptoms of depression, the anxiety and compulsions of OCD, or the acute fear episodes of panic disorder.
5. Step 5: Conclude that the disorder characterized by extreme withdrawal from reality and abnormal absorption in fantasy is Schizoid personality disorder, based on its defining features.