Which psychological disorder is characterized by a severe impairment in a child's ability to read and spell?

• A. Dyslexia
• B. Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)
• C. Autism spectrum disorder
• D. Dyscalculia

Answer: (A)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Step 1: Understand the key symptoms described in the problem, which focus on severe impairment in reading and spelling abilities in a child.
2. Step 2: Recall the definitions of the listed disorders: ADHD primarily involves attention and hyperactivity issues; Autism spectrum disorder affects social communication and behavior; Dyscalculia relates to difficulties with math skills.
3. Step 3: Identify that Dyslexia is specifically characterized by difficulties with reading and spelling, which matches the problem description.
4. Step 4: Confirm that the disorder affecting reading and spelling, without primarily involving attention, social behavior, or math, is Dyslexia.
5. Step 5: Conclude that the psychological disorder described is Dyslexia, based on the symptom profile and comparison with other disorders.