The ________ system is likely active during a difficult exam while the _______ system is likely active while relaxing.

• A. Central; peripheral.
• B. Sympathetic; parasympathetic.
• C. Autonomic; somatic.
• D. Sympathetic; somatic.

Answer: (B)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand the context: The question is about the body's response systems during different states of activity, specifically during stress and relaxation.
2. Identify the systems involved: The autonomic nervous system (ANS) is responsible for involuntary bodily functions and is divided into two main branches: the sympathetic and parasympathetic systems.
3. Recognize the role of the sympathetic system: This system is often referred to as the 'fight or flight' system. It is activated during stressful situations, such as taking a difficult exam, and prepares the body to respond to perceived threats by increasing heart rate, dilating pupils, and inhibiting digestion.
4. Recognize the role of the parasympathetic system: This system is known as the 'rest and digest' system. It is active during relaxed states, promoting bodily functions that conserve energy, such as slowing the heart rate and stimulating digestion.
5. Match the systems to the scenarios: During a difficult exam, the sympathetic system is likely active, while during relaxation, the parasympathetic system is likely active.