In the context of AP Psychology, which of the following best defines reliability in psychological testing?

• A. The ability of a test to predict future performance
• B. The consistency of a test in producing similar results under consistent conditions
• C. The degree to which a test measures what it claims to measure
• D. The fairness of a test across different cultural groups

Answer: (B)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Step 1: Understand the concept of reliability in psychological testing. Reliability refers to the consistency or stability of test results over time or across different instances of the test.
2. Step 2: Differentiate reliability from validity. While reliability is about consistency, validity concerns whether the test measures what it is supposed to measure.
3. Step 3: Review the given options and identify which one aligns with the definition of reliability. Look for keywords like 'consistency' or 'similar results under consistent conditions.'
4. Step 4: Recognize that 'The ability of a test to predict future performance' relates to predictive validity, not reliability.
5. Step 5: Conclude that the best definition of reliability is 'The consistency of a test in producing similar results under consistent conditions,' as it directly addresses the concept of reliability.