Which of the following is a criticism of Piaget's theory of cognitive development?

• A. Piaget emphasized the role of social interaction more than individual exploration.
• B. Piaget believed that cognitive development continues throughout adulthood.
• C. Piaget's theory is based primarily on large-scale experimental studies.
• D. Piaget underestimated the cognitive abilities of young children.

Answer: (D)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand the core of Piaget's theory: Piaget proposed stages of cognitive development where children move through distinct phases, each characterized by different cognitive abilities.
2. Identify common criticisms of Piaget's theory: One major criticism is that Piaget underestimated the cognitive abilities of young children, meaning children may be capable of more complex thinking earlier than he suggested.
3. Evaluate the given options by comparing them to known critiques: For example, Piaget actually emphasized individual exploration more than social interaction, so the first option is incorrect.
4. Recall that Piaget's theory focuses mainly on childhood development, not continuous development throughout adulthood, so the second option is also incorrect.
5. Note that Piaget's research was largely based on observational studies and clinical interviews rather than large-scale experimental studies, making the third option inaccurate.