Multiple Choice
Which of the following is a characteristic shared by structuralism, Gestalt psychology, and Sigmund Freud's psychoanalytic theory?
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1. Introduction to Psychology
Early Schools of Thought
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In the early schools of thought in psychology, what do functionalist psychologists primarily focus on?
A
Unconscious conflicts and early childhood experiences as the primary drivers of behavior
B
Breaking conscious experience into basic elements through introspection
C
How mental processes and behaviors help individuals adapt to their environment and function effectively
D
Observable behavior as the only valid subject of scientific study, excluding mental states
Verified step by step guidance1
Identify the main schools of thought in early psychology: structuralism, functionalism, psychoanalysis, and behaviorism.
Understand that structuralism focuses on breaking down conscious experience into basic elements using introspection.
Recognize that psychoanalysis emphasizes unconscious conflicts and early childhood experiences as drivers of behavior.
Know that behaviorism studies observable behavior exclusively, excluding mental states.
Focus on functionalism, which primarily examines how mental processes and behaviors help individuals adapt to their environment and function effectively.
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