Negative effects of stress are most likely to be experienced when an event is perceived as ________.

• A. exciting and novel
• B. predictable and routine
• C. threatening and uncontrollable
• D. challenging but manageable

Answer: (C)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand that stress responses are influenced by how an individual perceives an event, not just the event itself.
2. Recognize that events perceived as 'threatening and uncontrollable' tend to trigger stronger negative stress reactions because they evoke feelings of fear and helplessness.
3. Contrast this with events seen as 'exciting and novel' or 'challenging but manageable,' which are more likely to be experienced as positive or motivating rather than harmful stressors.
4. Note that 'predictable and routine' events generally produce minimal stress because they are familiar and manageable.
5. Conclude that the perception of threat and lack of control is key to understanding when stress will have negative effects on psychological and physiological well-being.