According to the levels of processing theory, which of the following is necessary to form lasting memories?

• A. Memorizing information through rote rehearsal
• B. Deep, meaningful processing of information
• C. Repetition of information without understanding
• D. Exposure to information for a long period of time

Answer: (B)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand the levels of processing theory, which suggests that memory retention depends on the depth at which information is processed, rather than just the amount of time or repetition.
2. Recognize that shallow processing involves surface-level features like repetition or exposure without understanding, which typically leads to weaker memory traces.
3. Identify that deep processing involves meaningful analysis, such as semantic processing, where information is related to existing knowledge or understood in context.
4. Note that according to the theory, deep, meaningful processing creates stronger and more durable memory traces, leading to lasting memories.
5. Conclude that among the options, deep, meaningful processing is necessary to form lasting memories, rather than rote rehearsal, mere repetition, or prolonged exposure.