In the context of classical conditioning, what is the primary purpose of systematic desensitization in AP Psychology?

• A. To gradually reduce a person's anxiety or phobic response by pairing relaxation techniques with exposure to the feared stimulus
• B. To increase the likelihood of a behavior by providing a reward after the behavior occurs
• C. To punish unwanted behaviors by introducing an unpleasant stimulus
• D. To teach new behaviors through observation and imitation of others

Answer: (A)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand that systematic desensitization is a therapeutic technique used in classical conditioning to help individuals overcome phobias or anxiety.
2. Recognize that the method involves gradually exposing the person to the feared stimulus in a controlled and progressive manner, starting from the least anxiety-provoking situation to the most.
3. Note that during this gradual exposure, relaxation techniques (such as deep breathing or muscle relaxation) are taught and practiced to help the person remain calm.
4. Understand that the pairing of relaxation with exposure to the feared stimulus helps to weaken the anxiety response through a process called counterconditioning.
5. Conclude that the primary purpose of systematic desensitization is to reduce or eliminate the anxiety or phobic response by associating the feared stimulus with relaxation instead of fear.